SOLUTION: another one... The medians of the triangle are 6, 8, and 10. Find the sides.

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Question 388219: another one...
The medians of the triangle are 6, 8, and 10. Find the sides.

Answer by Edwin McCravy(20056) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
First we construct a triangle ABC whose sides are the medians,
with AC = 6, BC = 8, and AB = 10



Triangle ABC happens to be a right triangle, since 6² + 8² = 10², so

angle CBA has measure arccos(6%2F10) = arccos(.6) = arcsin(8/10)=arcsin(.8).

We will let AB be an actual median of the final triangle we are 
going to create.

We know that the three medians intersect at a point which divides
each median into two parts such that the shorter part is 1%2F3 
of that median, and, of course, the longer part is 2%2F3 of that
median.   

So we locate point D such that AD is 1%2F3 of AB and of course,
BD is 2%2F3 of AB.  So AD = 10%2F3 and BD = 20%2F3

Point D is where all three medians of our final triangle will intersect.



Next we must draw a median-to-be EF of the final triangle through D parallel
and equal to AC such that point D divides median-to be EF such that DF is
1%2F3 of median-to be EF and DE is 2%2F3 of median-to-be EF. Since
EF is 6, we will draw DF 2 units long and DE 4 units long:



Next we will draw line segment EG through A so that AE = AG. 
AG will be a side of the final triangle, and A will be the midpoint
of side EG of the final triangle.




Now we can calculate AE from triangle ADE by the law of cosines
since we have Side-Angle-Side  We know that 

side AD = 10%2F3, 

angle ADE = angle EAB because they are alternate interior angles formed
by transversal AB cutting parallel lines AC and EF.

So angle ADE = arccos(.6)

side DE = 4

AE%5E2=AD%5E2%2BDE%5E2-2AD%2ADE%2Acos%28ADE%29

AE%5E2=%2810%2F3%29%5E2%2B4%5E2-2%2810%2F3%29%284%29cos%28arccos%28.6%29%29

AE%5E2=%28100%2F9%29%2B16-%2880%2F3%29%28.6%29

AE%5E2=%28100%2F9%29%2B16-16

AE%5E2=100%2F9

AE+=+sqrt%28100%2F9%29

AE+=+10%2F3

And since A is the midpoint of EG,

side EG of the final triangle is twice that or 

side EG = 20%2F3.  That's one of the sides of the final triangle.

Now if we have drawn everything right so far, points G, F, and B
should be colinear and GB should be a side of the final triangle,
with F at its midpoint.


 
Next we must calculate FG.  But to do that we must calculate
angle E.  

We will use the law of sines in triangle ADE.

AD%2Fsin%28E%29=AE%2Fsin%28ADE%29



So angle E = arcsin(.8) = arccos(.6)

Now we can calculate FG by the law of cosines, since we have
side-angle-side.

EG = 20%2F3, angle E = arccos(.6), EF = 6

FG%5E2=EG%5E2%2BEF%5E2-2%2AEG%2AEF%2Acos%28E%29
FG%5E2=%2820%2F3%29%5E2%2B6%5E2-2%2820%2F3%29%286%29cos%28arccos%28.6%29%29
FG%5E2=400%2F9%2B36-80%2A.6
FG%5E2=400%2F9%2B36-48
FG%5E2=292%2F9
FG=sqrt%28292%29%2F3=sqrt%284%2A73%29%2F3=%282sqrt%2873%29%29%2F3

And since F is the midpoint of BG,

side BG of the final triangle is twice that or 

side BG = 4sqrt%2873%29%2F3.  That's another side of the final triangle.

There is just one more side to find, and that is BE, which we will now
draw in:




We have now completed the final triangle BEG.  We only need side BE.

We can find it by the law of cosines since we have side-angle-side
in triangle BDE.

Side DE = 4, 

Angle BDE is supplementary to angle ADE and so its cosine is the
negative of the cosine of angle ADE, so angle BDE = arccos(-.6)

Side BD = 20%2F3

BE%5E2=DE%5E2%2BBD%5E2-DE%2ABD%2Acos%28BDE%29
BE%5E2=4%5E2%2B%2820%2F3%29%5E2-2%2A4%2A%2820%2F3%29cos%28arccos%28-.6%29%29 
BE%5E2=16%2B%28400%2F9%29-%28160%2F3%29%28-.6%29
BE%5E2=832%2F9
BE=sqrt%28832%29%2F3=sqrt%2864%2A13%29%2F3=8sqrt%2813%29%2F3

So we have found all three sides of triangle BEG.  
We didn't draw in the third median, but we don't need to.

Edwin