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Let a and B be solutions of the quadratic equation x^2 + bx + 3 = 0.
Find all values of b such that a^2 + B^2 = 3.
Note: Capitalized B is not the same as lowercase b.
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First, we have this identity
a^2 + B^2 = (a + B)^2 - 2aB. (1)
In this identity, we replace left side a^2 + B^2 by 3;
next, we replace (a+B) by -b, according to Vieta's theorem;
and replace aB by 3, using the Vieta's theorem again.
We get then from (1)
3 = (-b)^2 - 2*3,
which gives
3 + 6 = b^2,
or
b^2 = 9.
ANSWER. b^2 must be 9; so "b" may have values 3 or -3.
As the last step of the solution, we chould check the problem's statement for b = 3 and b = -3.
It means
- (a) to find the solutions to equation x^2 + 3x + 3 = 0 and to check that
the sum of their squares is 3;
- (b) to find the solutions to equation x^2 - 3x + 3 = 0 and to check that
the sum of their squares is 3.
Both steps are simple arithmetic, so I leave it for you.
After completing the check, we can state for sure that "b" may have two possible values 3 and -3.
Solved.