Question 1018319
let x be the smaller number and y the larger number

x + y = 48
x = 1/5y

substitute the second equation to the first equation
(1/5y) + y = 48
6/5 y = 48

Multiply  both sides by 5/6 to cancel the numerical coefficient 6/5
y =  (48)(5/6)
y = 40

x + 40 = 48
x = 48 - 40
x = 8

smaller number is 8 
larger number is 40