Question 507519
You can use the compound interest formula to get your answers:
{{{A = P(1+i/q)^nq}}} 
A = The present amount (your answer).
P = the principal amount invested (P = $40,000).
i = the rate of interest, expressed as a decimal (i = 0.09).
q = The number of compounding periods per year (q = 1 for annually, 4 for quarterly, and 12 for monthly).
n = number of years (n = 16).
Compounded annually:
{{{A = P(1+i/q)^nq}}} Substitute P = 40000, i = 0.09, q = 1 (once per year), and n = 16:
{{{A = 40000(1+0.09)^16}}}  Use your calculator.
{{{A = 158812.24}}}
A = $158,812.24
Compounded quarterly:
{{{A = P(1+i/q)^nq}}} Substitute P = 40000, i = 0.09, q = 4 (4 times per year), and n = 16.
{{{A = 40000(1+0.09/4)^(4*16)}}} Use your calculator.
{{{A = 166154.56}}}
A = $166,154.56
You should now be able to do the last one yourself using the same formula and the same numbers except that q = 12 (for 12 times per year).