Question 286917
Actually no trig involved here.
Pure geometry
a)Right triangle as a matter of fact. 12 and 14 are the legs
12^2+14^2=c^2
Find the hypotenuse.
b)New triangle with hypotenuse 30 and one leg 12
12^2+x^2=30^2
Find the leg going east
discard negative answer
x-14 will be the answer
27.49-14=13.49 km to go

or do it this way

12^2+(14+y)^2=30^2
y will be the answer.
discard the negative answer
13.49 km more