Question 178551
I'll do the first two to get you started.


a) 



p and q ... Start with the given expression


(roses are red) and (the sky is blue) ... replace "p" with the statement "roses are red" and replace "q" with "the sky is blue"


So p and q translates to: "roses are red and the sky is blue"



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b)


p and (q or r) ... Start with the given expression



(roses are red) and (q or r) ... Replace "p" with the statement "roses are red"



(roses are red) and ((the sky is blue) or r) ... Replace "q" with the statement "the sky is blue"



(roses are red) and ((the sky is blue) or (the grass is green)) ... Replace "r" with the statement "the grass is green"



So p and (q or r) translates to: "roses are red and the sky is either blue or the grass is green"



Note: I threw in the term "either" to show that there is grouping