SOLUTION: Radium-221 has a half-life of 30 sec. How long will it take for 91% of a sample to decay? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

Algebra ->  Logarithm Solvers, Trainers and Word Problems -> SOLUTION: Radium-221 has a half-life of 30 sec. How long will it take for 91% of a sample to decay? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)       Log On


   



Question 946030: Radium-221 has a half-life of 30 sec. How long will it take for 91% of a sample to decay? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

Found 2 solutions by ankor@dixie-net.com, josgarithmetic:
Answer by ankor@dixie-net.com(22740) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
Radium-221 has a half-life of 30 sec. How long will it take for 91% of a sample to decay?
:
That leaves 9% remaining
:
The formula; A = Ao*2^(-t/h) where:
A = remaining amt after t time
Ao = initial amt (t=0)
t = time of decay
h = half-life of substance
In this problem let Ao = 1, then A = .09, given half-life of 30 sec
1*2^(-t/30) = .09
log(2^(-t/30) = log(.09)
log equiv of exponents
-t%2F30*log(2) = log(.09)
-t%2F30 = log%28%28.09%29%29%2Flog%28%282%29%29
use the calc to find the logs
-t%2F30 = -3.474
multiply both sides by -30
t = -30 * -3.474
t = +104.2 ~ 104 seconds

Answer by josgarithmetic(39621) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
Material has half life of t seconds. How long will it take for s percent of Material sample to decay?

Question is to find how much time until quantity present changes from I to %28%28100-s%29%2F100%29%2AI.

First find k, and then use k to find time to let s percent of sample to decay.

y=I%2Ae%5E%28-kt%29
Ie%5E%28-kt%29=y
1%2Ae%5E%28-kt%29=%281%2F2%29
ln%28e%5E%28-kt%29%29=-ln%282%29
-kt=-ln%282%29
k=ln%282%29%2Ft, you know t=30 seconds and want the value...
k=ln%282%29%2F30
highlight%28k=0.0231%29.

Model Revised: highlight_green%28y=I%2Ae%5E%28-0.0231t%29%29.
Starting with I=1, t is what when y=1-s%2F100 ?
(Your value given for s is 91).
-
ln%28e%5E%28-0.0231t%29%29=ln%281-s%2F100%29
-0.0231t=ln%281-s%2F100%29
t=-ln(1-s/100)/(-0.0231)
-
Easier to avoid sign mistakes if directly using the actual values.
ln%28e%5E%28-0.0231t%29%29=ln%28%28100-91%29%2F100%29
-0.0231t=ln%289%2F100%29
0.0231t=ln%28100%2F9%29
t=ln%28100%2F9%29%2F%280.0231%29
highlight%28t=104%29, seconds.