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MUST be, r=a+b and p=ab.
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You could try to divide the given trinomial by either x-a or by x-b and see what is the quotient. Any remainder?
Polynomial Division:
______________|_____x___________-b
__________________________________________________
(x-a)_________|____x^2________-(a+b)x________ab
______________|_____x^2_______-ax
______________|_______________________
______________|_____0___________-bx
______________|_________________bx___________ab
______________|_________________0____________0, DONE.
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The quotient is x-b, and remainder is 0.