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4a² + 12a + 9 - 16b²
Group the first three terms:
(4a² + 12a + 9) - 16b²
Factor the part in parentheses:
(2a+3)(2a+3) - 16b²
(2a+3)² - (4b)²
That's the difference of squares:
[(2a+3) - 4b][(2a+3) + 4b]
(2a + 3 - 4b)(2a + 3 + 4b)
Edwin