When you add fractions you must use a common denominator. For example 1/2 + 1/2 = 2/2, but you can't add 1/3 + 1/2 - it's like adding 1 apple to 1 orange.
You must find a common denominator. In 1/2 + 1/3 the common denominator is 6. 6/2=3 so multiply the numerator of 1/2 by 3 (1*3=3) to convert that fraction to 3/6. For 1/3 6/3=2 and 2*1=2 so that converts to 2/6.
Now you can add the fractions 3/6 + 2/6 = 5/6.
The same is true in this problem.
is adding/subtracting fractions. You must have a common denominator. In this case the common denominator is
.
1 is the same as 1/1.
so multiply the numerator by
. The converted fraction is
.
Convert -5/x --->
and x*-5 is -5x. The converted fraction is
.
already has the common denominator so it needs no conversion.
The problem has now become
. Since they share the same denominator you can rewrite as the sum/difference of the numerators all over the denominator:

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