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kx³ - 8x² - x + (3k+1)
That means that when that is divided by x-2 the remainder = 0
Use synthetic division to divide by x-2 (you CAN use long division):
2| k -8 -1 3k+1
| 2k 4k-16 8k-34
k 2k-8 4k-17 11k-33
So the remainder = 0
11k - 33 = 0
llk = 33
k = 3
Edwin