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You're studying factoring the difference of two squares
A² - B² = (A - B)(A + B)
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1. 3x² - 3(x+2)²
First take out the common factor 3, using []'s
3[x² - (x+2)²]
Now factor the expression in the []'s as the difference
of two squares:
3[x - (x+2)][x + (x+2)]
Simplify:
3[x - x - 2][x + x + 2]
3[-2][2x+2]
Multiply the 3 by the -2 and also take out common
factor 2
-6[2(x+1)]
-12(x+1)
That's it.
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2. 12x²-27(3+x)²
First take out the common factor 3, using []'s
3[4x² - 9(3+x)²]
Now factor the expression in the []'s as the difference
of two squares:
3[2x - 3(3+x)][2x + 3(3+x)]
Simplify:
3[2x - 9 - 3x][2x + 9 + 3x]
3[-x - 9][5x + 9]
Take out common factor -1 in [-x - 9]
3(-1)[x + 9][5x + 9]
-3(x + 9)(5x + 9)
That's it.
Edwin