SOLUTION: if p and q are the zeroes of a polynomial ax2+bx+c then evaluate p-q

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Question 282842: if p and q are the zeroes of a polynomial ax2+bx+c then evaluate p-q
Answer by Edwin McCravy(20064) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!


ax%5E2%2Bbx%2Bc where a%3C%3E0

The sum of the zeros is p%2Bq=-b%2Fa

The product of the zeros is pq=c%2Fa

We will assume the maximal zero is p and the minimal zero is q,
so that p-q will be non-negative, though it may be zero.

We notice that the square of the sum of the zeros has similar terms
to the square of the difference. Notice that:

%28p%2Bq%29%5E2=p%5E2%2B2pq%2Bq%5E2 is very much like %28p-q%29%5E2=p%5E2-2pq%2Bq%5E2

except that the first has a %22%22%2B2pq term whereas the second has 
a -2pq term.  

To get an expression for p-q we start with this:

p-q=sqrt%28%28p-q%29%5E2%29=sqrt%28p%5E2-2pq%2Bq%5E2%29

Let's create the square of the sum of the zeros under the
radical by adding and then subtracting the term red%282pq%29,
which does not change the value since this amounts to adding 0.

p-q=sqrt%28%28p-q%29%5E2%29=sqrt%28p%5E2-2pq%2Bq%5E2%2Bred%282pq%29-red%282pq%29%29

Swapping two of the terms under the radical:

p-q=sqrt%28%28p-q%29%5E2%29=sqrt%28p%5E2%2Bred%282pq%29%2Bq%5E2-2pq-red%282pq%29%29

Factoring the first three terms under the radical and combining the
last two terms:

p-q=sqrt%28%28p-q%29%5E2%29=sqrt%28%28p%2Bq%29%5E2-4pq%29

Now since p%2Bq=-b%2Fa we substitute -b%2Fa for p%2Bq and

and since pq=c%2Fa we substitute c%2Fa for pq:

p-q=sqrt%28+%28-b%2Fa%29%5E2-4%28c%2Fa%29%29

p-q=sqrt%28%28b%5E2%29%2F%28a%5E2%29-%284c%29%2Fa%29

We get a common denominator of a%5E2 under the radical, so
we multiply the second term under the radical by a%2Fa

p-q=sqrt%28%28b%5E2%29%2F%28a%5E2%29-%284c%2Aa%29%2F%28a%2Aa%29%29

p-q=sqrt%28%28b%5E2%29%2F%28a%5E2%29-%284ac%29%2F%28a%5E2%29%29

Combine the fractions over the LCD:

p-q=sqrt%28%28b%5E2-4ac%29%2F%28a%5E2%29%29

Taking square roots of numerator and denominator:

p-q=sqrt%28b%5E2-4ac%29%2Fsqrt%28a%5E2%29

Since a may be negative, we must use absolute value of a,
since p-q is non-negative:

p-q=sqrt%28b%5E2-4ac%29%2Fabs%28a%29

Edwin