SOLUTION: what is the geometric series {{{-9/2+3/2-1/2+1/6}}}-...+{{{1/39366}}} in summation notation?

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Question 146054: what is the geometric series -9%2F2%2B3%2F2-1%2F2%2B1%2F6-...+1%2F39366 in summation notation?
Answer by Edwin McCravy(20054) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
what is the geometric series -9%2F2+3%2F2+-1%2F2+1%2F6-...+1%2F39366 in summation notation?

sum%28a%5B1%5Dr%5E%28k-1%29%2C+k=1%2C+N+%29


We divide the 2nd term by the 1st term to find the common ratio r



To check we divide the 3rd term by the 2nd term to see if we get the 
same common ratio -1%2F3:

 

To double check we divide the 4th term by the 3rd term to see if we get the 
same common ratio -1%2F3:

%281%2F6%29%2F%28-1%2F2%29=%281%2F6%29%2A%282%2F%28-1%29%29=2%2F%28-6%29=-1%2F3

Now that we are triple-sure that the common ratio r=-1%2F3,

we will use the formula for the nth term:

a%5Bn%5D+=+a%5B1%5Dr%5E%28n-1%29

to find out how many terms it has:

a%5Bn%5D+=+1%2F39366 is the last, or nth, term:
a%5B1%5D+=+-9%2F2 is the first term
r+=+-1%2F3 is the common ratio.
Substituting:

1%2F39366=%28-9%2F2%29%28-1%2F3%29%5E%28n-1%29

Multiply both sides by %2839366%2F1%29

%2839366%2F1%29%281%2F39366%29=%2839366%2F1%29%28-9%2F2%29%28-1%2F3%29%5E%28n-1%29
 
1=-177147%28-1%2F3%29%5E%28n-1%29

Write %28-1%2F3%29%5E%28n-1%29 as %28%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29%2F3%5E%28n-1%29%29

1=-177147%28%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29%2F3%5E%28n-1%29%29

Multiply both sides by 3%5E%28n-1%29

Observe that 177147=3%5E11, so substitute that:

3%5E%28n-1%29=%283%5Ell%29%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29

Divide both sides by 3%5E11

3%5E%28n-1%29%2F3%5E11=%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29

Subtract exponents on the left:

3%5E%28n-1-11%29=%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29

3%5E%28n-12%29=%28-1%29%5E%28n-1%29

Since the right side is a power of
-1, it is either 1 or -1

But no power of 3 can be negative, so

3%5E%28n-12%29=1

And since the only power of 3 that gives 1
is the 0 power, i.e., 30=1, then
the exponent n-12 must equal 0.

n-12=0
   n=12.

So there are 12 terms.  So 

sum%28a%5B1%5Dr%5E%28k-1%29%2C+k=1%2C+N+%29

becomes:

sum%28%28-9%2F2%29%28-1%2F3%29%5E%28k-1%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

write -9%2F2 as %28%28-1%29%2F1%29%289%2F2%29

sum%28%28%28-1%29%2F1%29%289%2F2%29%28-1%2F3%29%5E%28k-1%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

write %28-1%2F3%29%5E%28k-1%29 as %28-1%29%5E%28k-1%29%2F3%5E%28k-1%29



Write 9 as 3%5E2:



sum%28%28%28-1%293%5E2%28-1%29%5E%28k-1%29%29%2F%282%283%5E%28k-1%29%29%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29



Add exponents of -1 on top:

sum%28%283%5E2%28-1%29%5E%28k-1%2B1%29%29%2F%282%283%5E%28k-1%29%29%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

sum%28%283%5E2%28-1%29%5Ek%29%2F%282%283%5E%28k-1%29%29%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

Subtract exponents of 3:

sum%28%28%28-1%29%5Ek%29%2F%282%283%5E%28k-1-2%29%29%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

sum%28%28%28-1%29%5Ek%29%2F%282%2A3%5E%28k-3%29%29%2C+k=1%2C+12+%29

Edwin