SOLUTION: A shirt was originally priced at $80. The store is having a 45% off sale. How much will you pay for the shirt after the discount (not including tax)

There are two ways to do it.  Multiply then subtract, or subtract 
then multiply.

Method 1:

(a) Figure the dollar discount by multiplying the decimal equivalent 
of the percent off by the original price.
(b) Subtract the result of (a) from the original price.

Method 2:

(a) Subtract the percent off from 100% and get the decimal equivalent.
(b) Multiply the result of (a) by the original price.

The second method is a little easier.  Try both ways.  They will give
you the same answer.

Edwin