- Translate Graph
When you subtract a positive number from , you are translating the graph of the function units .
When is negative, you are translating the graph of the function units .
- Horizontal or Compression
When you multiply by a positive you will be performing either a horizontal or horizontal of the graph.
If you have a horizontal and if then you have a horizontal .
When is , then this horizontal compression or horizontal stretching of the graph is followed by a across the -axis.
a - Vertical or Compression
When you multiply a function by a positive you will be performing either a vertical compression or vertical stretching of the graph.
If you have a vertical compression and if then you have a vertical stretching.
When is negative, then this vertical compression or vertical stretching of the graph is followed by a reflection across the -axis.
d - Translate Graph
When you add a positive number to a function, you are translating vertically the graph of the function units upwards.
When d is negative, you are translating vertically the graph of the function units downwards.
compared to => is negative, then this or vertical stretching of the graph is followed by a reflection across the -axis
=> there is a horizontal compression or horizontal stretching
=> is negative, you are translating horizontally the graph of the function units to the left
=> is negative, you are translating vertically the graph of the function units downwards
