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1.    There were one fourth as many homework assignment in math class as there were in science. 
          How many homework assignment are there in math class? 
    Let M be the number of homework assignment in math class, and 
    let S be the number of assignments in Science. 
    Then   M =  .
    It is the literal translation of English to Math.
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    It is the literal translation of English to Math.
2.    There was twice as much english homework than the sum of all the science and math homework, 
          how many homework assignments are there in english class?
    This sentence is INCORRECT from the point of view of English grammar.
    The correct sentence is THIS (my editing) :
        There was twice as much English homework  as the sum of all the Science 
        and Math homework. How many homework assignments are there in English class?
    The answer is
        E = 2*(S + M),
    using obvious designations.
 as the sum of all the Science 
        and Math homework. How many homework assignments are there in English class?
    The answer is
        E = 2*(S + M),
    using obvious designations.