(y+3)^2 - 4y^2 = (y+3)^2 - (2y)^2 = factor as the difference of squares a^2 - b^2 = (a+b)*(a-b) = (y+3 + 2y)*(y+3-2y) = (3y+3)*(-y+3) = -3*(y+1)*(y-3).