SOLUTION: A bag contains 4 red, 2 white and3 blue balls. If two balls are chosen at rand without replacement, find the probability that the balls are of the same colour.

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Question 1090293: A bag contains 4 red, 2 white and3 blue balls. If two balls are chosen at rand without replacement, find the probability that the balls are of the same colour.
Answer by ikleyn(52855) About Me  (Show Source):
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A bag contains 4 red, 2 white and 3 blue balls. If two balls are chosen at highlight%28cross%28rand%29%29 random without replacement,
find the probability that the balls are of the same highlight%28cross%28colour%29%29 color.
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There are  C%5B4%5D%5E2 = %284%2A3%29%2F%281%2A2%29 = 12%2F2 = 6 combinations to choose two red balls.


There are  C%5B2%5D%5E2 = 1 combination to choose two white balls.


There are  C%5B3%5D%5E2 = %283%2A2%29%2F%281%2A2%29 = 6%2F2 = 3 combinations to choose two blue balls.


Thus there are 6 + 1 + 3 = 10 combinations to choose two balls of the same color.


The entire space of events is  C%5B4%2B2%2B3%5D%5E2 = C%5B9%5D%5E2 = %289%2A8%29%2F%281%2A2%29 = 72%2F2 = 36 combinations to choose two balls from the bag containing 4 + 2 + 3 = 9 balls.


Therefore, the probability that the balls are of the same color is  10%2F36 = 5%2F18.

Solved.

About combinations and about these magic numbers C%5Bn%5D%5Ek you can read from the lessons
    - Introduction to Combinations
    - PROOF of the formula on the number of Combinations
    - Problems on Combinations
in this site.

Also,  you have this free of charge online textbook in ALGEBRA-II in this site
    - ALGEBRA-II - YOUR ONLINE TEXTBOOK.

The referred lessons are the part of this online textbook under the topic  "Combinatorics: Combinations and permutations".

Also see the lesson
    - Elementary Probability problems related to combinations
from the same online textbook.