SOLUTION: Let ABC be a triangle. We construct squares ABST and ACUV with centers O_1 and O_2, respectively, as shown. Let M be the midpoint of BC. (a) Prove that line BV and lineCT are eq

Algebra ->  Geometry-proofs -> SOLUTION: Let ABC be a triangle. We construct squares ABST and ACUV with centers O_1 and O_2, respectively, as shown. Let M be the midpoint of BC. (a) Prove that line BV and lineCT are eq      Log On


   



Question 1076204: Let ABC be a triangle. We construct squares ABST and ACUV with centers O_1 and O_2, respectively, as shown. Let M be the midpoint of BC.
(a) Prove that line BV and lineCT are equal in length and perpendicular.
(b) Prove that line O_1M and line O_2M are equal in length and perpendicular.
https://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/0/a/60a3c441dce5aeaefa28343e595b787aa82c6b61.png

Answer by ikleyn(52903) About Me  (Show Source):
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Let ABC be a triangle. We construct squares ABST and ACUV with centers O_1 and O_2, respectively, as shown. Let M be the midpoint of BC.
(a) Prove that line BV and lineCT are equal in length and perpendicular.
(b) Prove that line O_1M and line O_2M are equal in length and perpendicular.
https://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/0/a/60a3c441dce5aeaefa28343e595b787aa82c6b61.png
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(a)  Draw these lines, BV and CT.

     Consider the triangles BAV and CAT.

     These triangles have congruent sides Ba and TA, as well as congruent sides AV and AC.

     The angles BAV and TAV between these sides are congruent, too.

     (Each of these angles is the sum of the right angle and the common angle BAC).

     Hence, the triangles BAV and CAT are congruent.

     Then their sides BV and CT are congruent as the corresponding sides of congruent triangles.

Part (a) is proved and solved.

Proving part (b) requires more steps, but still is straightforward.

Step 1.  Straight lines BV and CT ( which you drew in part (a) ) are perpendicular.

         Indeed, the ray BV is obtained from the ray BA by rotating it clockwise by the angle ABV around the vertex B.

                 The ray TC is obtained from the ray TA by rotating it clockwise by the angle ATC around the vertex T.

         Since the rays TA and BA were originally perpendicular and since the angles ABV and ATC  are congruent (according part (a) ), 
         the statement of the step 1 is proved.


Step 2.  Consider the triangle BVC (you need to draw the segment VC, which is the diagonal of the square ACUV and therefore 
         goes through its center O2).

         The segment MO2 is the mid-line in this triangle (!).
         It is OBVIOUS (!!)

         Therefore, the segment MO2 is parallel to BV and its length is half of that of BV !!!).


Step 3.  Consider the triangle TBC (you need to draw the segment TB, which is the diagonal of the square ABST and therefore 
         goes through its center O1).

         The segment MO1 is the mid-line in this triangle (!).
         It is OBVIOUS (!!)

         Therefore, the segment MO1 is parallel to TC and its length is half of that of TC !!!).


Step 4.  Now we are at the finish line.

         Since TC and BV are perpendicular (step 1), it implies that MO1 and MO2 are perpendicular.

         Since MO2 is half of BV and since MO1 is half of TC, and since TC and BV are congruent (part (a), again ), it implies that 
         MO1 is congruent to MO2.

Everything is proved.

The solution is completed.


        Thanks for submitting this challenging problem !


        It was a pleasure for me to solve it !