SOLUTION: Find the general solution √3cosx+sinx=1

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Question 1058139: Find the general solution √3cosx+sinx=1
Answer by ikleyn(52803) About Me  (Show Source):
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Find the general solution √3cosx+sinx=1
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sqrt%283%29%2Acos%28x%29+%2B+sin%28x%29 = 1.

Multiply both sides by 1%2F2. You will get

%28sqrt%283%29%2F2%29%2Acos%28x%29+%2B+%281%2F2%29%2Asin%28x%29 = 1%2F2.           (1)

Notice that sqrt%283%29%2F2 = sin%28pi%2F3%29, 1%2F2 = cos%28pi%2F3%29. 

Substitute it into the left side of (1). You will get

sin%28pi%2F3%29%2Acos%28x%29+%2B+cos%28pi%2F3%29%2Asin%28x%29 = 1%2F2.    (2)

Apply the formula sin(a)*cos(b) + cos(a)*sin(b) = sin(a+b) to the left side of (2). You ill get

sin%28pi%2F3+%2B+x%29 = 1%2F2.                       (3)

It implies 

pi%2F3+%2B+x = pi%2F6+%2B+2k%2Api,  k = 0, +/-1, +/-2, . . . or

pi%2F3+%2B+x = 5pi%2F6+%2B+2k%2Api,  k = 0, +/-1, +/-2, . . .


Thus there are two sets of solutions:

1.  x = pi%2F6+-+pi%2F3+%2B+2k%2Api = -pi%2F6+%2B+2k%2Api,  which is equivalent to  x = 11pi%2F6+%2B+2k%2Api,


and the other family


2.  x = 5pi%2F6+-+pi%2F3+%2B+2k%2Api = pi%2F2+%2B+2k%2Api


Answer.  There are two sets of solutions:  1)  x = 11pi%2F6+%2B+2k%2Api  and  2)  x = pi%2F2+%2B+2k%2Api,  k = 0, +/-1, +/-2, . . .

The plot below confirms these solutions.



Plots y = sqrt%283%29%2Acos%28x%29+%2B+sin%28x%29 and y = 1