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First learn the principle of factorising
the difference of two squares. Here is
why it works:
A²-B² = (A-B)(A+B)
Proof: (A-B)(A+B) = A²+AB-AB-B² = A²-B²
So we memorise:
A²-B² is factorized as (A-B)(A+B)
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16x²-25y²
Since 16=4² and 25=5², we can rewrite that as
4²x²-5²y²
and again as
(4x)²-(5y)²
Since we have memorized that
A²-B² is factorised as (A-B)(A+B)
We can substitute 4x for A and 5y for B and get that
(4x)²-(5y)² is factorised as (4x-5y)(4x+5y)
Edwin