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Let x be the number of students (the entire audience).
Then from the condition
0.4x - 0.3x = 18.
or
0.1x = 18.
Hence,
x = 18/0.1 = 180.
ANSWER. The question is "How many were at the seminar", but it does not specify "how many of whom".
The entire audience was 180 people, in all.