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The original ratio 3:4:8 is the same as 9:12:24.
The next ratio 2:6:12 is the same as 4:12:24.
(Notice that in both these two extended ratios the last two terms are identical (!) )
So, the beginning numbers of sweets were 9x, 12x and 24x.
After Tom ate 15 sweets, his 9x became 4x.
It means that 9x - 4x = 15, or 5x = 15, i.e. x = 15/5 = 3.
So, Tom left 4x = 4*3 = 12 sweets. ANSWER
Solved.