Let x = Sam's age now
Then Sam was born x years ago.
Roy's age x years ago was 50-x.
Roy's age x years ago was Sam's age plus 10 years, so
50-x = x+10
Solve that and get x=20
Checking (always check a word problem with the WORDS and using
basic elementary school math, not the equation!)
Roy is 50, so 20 years ago when Sam was born, Roy was 30,
which is indeed 10 years older than Sam is now.
Edwin