A rectangular field adjacent to the straight bank of a river is to
be fenced, but there is to be no fencing along the riverbank. If 180 m
of fencing is available, what is the maximum area that can be
enclosed?
We draw a rectangle for the area, with a dotted line
for the river bank:
If we let x ft. be the length of the left and right sides,
the bottom side will be 200 ft - 2x ft. So we put x on
the two vertical sides and 200-2x on the horizontal side.
Let y = the area of the rectangle.
Use
, so we have
(Note: this is a quadratic equation)
If we draw the graph of that we get:
Since the graph is symmetrical, the highest point
is right in the middle between the two x-intercepts.
So we find the two x-intercepts by setting y=0 and
solving for x:
Factor the left side:
,
,
Halfway between those will be
where x = 50
So the two vertical sides will be 50 feet each,
and the base will be 200 - 2x or
or 100 feet. And that maximum area will be
(base)(height) = (100)(50) = 5000 square feet.
Edwin