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As the name implies, substitution simply involves you "substituting" one variable in for another so that you can solve for that variable.
Let's solve the given system by substitution
Start with the given system
Plug in into the first equation. In other words, replace each with . Notice we've eliminated the variables. So we now have a simple equation with one unknown.
Distribute
Combine like terms on the left side
Subtract 16 from both sides
Combine like terms on the right side
Divide both sides by -7 to isolate x
Divide
Now that we know that , we can plug this into to find