SOLUTION: Please help me solve this... write the following in summation notation 1+6+13+22...

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Question 310266: Please help me solve this...
write the following in summation notation
1+6+13+22...

Answer by Edwin McCravy(20056) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
Please help me solve this...
write the following in summation notation
1+6+13+22...

I assume you want it in the form sum%28a%5Bn%5D%2C+n=1%2C+infinity%29

First we find the general term by assuming its general term
can be expressed as a polynomial.  To find the smallest
possible degree it can have we write the four given numbers in
a line like this

1   6   13   22 

Then we find a line of differences by subtracting each number 
from the one just to the right of it and writing the difference 
between and below the numbers subtracted, like this:

1   6   13   22
  5   7    9

5, 7, and 9 are not all the same number, so we do the same to 
the bottom line:

1   6   13   22
  5   7    9
    2    2

Those are the same, since they are both 2's.  Since it requires 2 lines
of differences to get them all to be the same number, we assume the general
term is a polynomial of degree 2:

a%5Bn%5D=An%5E2%2BBn%2BC

We substitute n=1,2, and 3

  

system%281=A%2BB%2BC%2C%0D%0A6=4A%2B2B%2BC%2C%0D%0A13=9A%2B3B3%2BC%29

system%28A%2BB%2BC=1%2C%0D%0A4A%2B2B%2BC=6%2C%0D%0A9A%2B3B3%2BC=13%29

We solve that system and get

A=1, B=2, and C=-2

So,

a%5Bn%5D=1n%5E2%2B2n-2

a%5Bn%5D=n%5E2%2B2n-2

So we write:

sum%28a%5Bn%5D%2C+n=1%2C+infinity%29+=+sum%28+%28n%5E2%2B2n-2%29%2C+n=1%2C+infinity+%29

Note: The series could also be written in the form:

sum%28a%5Bn%5D%2C+n=0%2C+infinity%29+=+sum%28+%28n%5E2%2B4n%2B1%29%2C+n=0%2C+infinity+%29

where the index (or "dummy variable") n starts at 0.  Then the
system of equations would be easier to solve.  But I am guessing 
that your teacher probably wanted the summation index to start at
1, not 0.

Edwin