SOLUTION: Find the member of orthogonal trajectories which passes through (1, 2) for the family x^2 + 3y^2 = cy?

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Question 1183747: Find the member of orthogonal trajectories which passes through (1, 2) for the family x^2 + 3y^2 = cy?
Answer by robertb(5830) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
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x%5E2+%2B+3y%5E2+=+cy ===> c+=+%28x%5E2+%2B+3y%5E2%29%2Fy.
Now by implicit differentiating the given equation, one gets
2x + 6yy' = cy', which implies that (2x + 6yy')/y' = c.
Then by equating both expressions for c, one gets

%282x+%2B+6y%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29%29%2F%28dy%2Fdx%29+=+%28x%5E2+%2B+3y%5E2%29%2Fy.

===> 2xy+%2B+6y%5E2%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29+=+x%5E2%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29+%2B+3y%5E2%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29
===> 2xy+%2B+3y%5E2%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29+=+x%5E2%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29

<===> %283y%5E2-x%5E2%29%2A%28dy%2Fdx%29+%2B+2xy+=+0.
dy%2Fdx+=+-%28%282xy%29%2F%283y%5E2+-+x%5E2%29%29
Now for orthogonal trajectories, have to solve for
dy%2Fdx+=+%283y%5E2+-+x%5E2%29%2F%282xy%29+=+%283%2F%282x%29%29%2Ay+-+x%2F%282y%29.

<===> dy%2Fdx+-+%283%2F%282x%29%29%2Ay+=+-%28x%2F2%29%2Ay%5E%28-1%29, which is a Bernoulli D.E. with n = -1.
To solve this, use the substitution v+=+y%5E2. Hence yy' = v'/2, so that
===> dv%2Fdx+-+%283%2Fx%29%2Av+=+-x
This is a 1st order linear D.E. with integrating factor e%5E%28int%28-3%2Fx%2Cdx%29%29+=+x%5E%28-3%29
===> x%5E%28-3%29%2A%28dv%2Fdx%29+-+3x%5E%28-4%29%2Av+=+-x%5E%28-2%29
<===> %28d%2Fdx%29%28vx%5E%28-3%29%29+=+-x%5E%28-2%29
===> vx%5E%28-3%29+=+-int%28x%5E%28-2%29%2Cdx%29
===> vx%5E%28-3%29+=+x%5E%28-1%29+%2B+k <===> v+=+x%5E2+%2B+kx%5E3 ===> y%5E2+=+x%5E2+%2B+kx%5E3
Solving for k for the member of the family of orthogonal trajectories passing through (1,2), we have
2%5E2+=+1%5E2+%2B+k1%5E3, or k = 3. Therefore, highlight%28y%5E2+=+x%5E2+%2B+3x%5E3%29