IN PLAIN ENGLISH:
A fraction equal to one has the same numerator and denominator.
It is just 1 in disguise, like or .
The sum of the number that is the numerator,
plus the same number (that is also the denominator)
is twice the number.
If twice the number is 14, then the number is 7.
IN ALGEBRA:
To make it look like profound algebra,
let be the numerator and be the denominator.
It says because the fraction is "equal to one."
Multiplying both sides times
(which could not be zero, because denominators cannot be zero),
we get
The "sum of ... numerator and denominator is 14" translates as .
We could say that we have the system of linear equations:
Substituting into we get --> --> -->
and since , too.