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Suppose a function f is such that f(1/x)-3f(x)=x for every x≠0 (x that does not equal 0). Find f(2).
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Write the given functional equation for x = 2 and for x = 1/2.
For x = 2, you will have
f(1/2) - 3f(2) = 2 (1)
For x = 1/2, you will have
f(1/(1/2)) - 3f(1/2) = 1/2,
or
f(2) - 3f(1/2) = 1/2. (2)
Let u = f(1/2), v = f(2) for breavity. Then you can re-write (1) and (2) in the form
u - 3v = 2 (3)
v - 3u = 1/2 (4)
Now I want to solve the system of linear equations (3) and (4) and find v.
For it, I express u = 2+ 3v from (3) and substitute it into equation (4)
v - 3*(2+3v) = 1/2.
In the last equation, multiply both sides by 2 to run from denominator
2v - 6*(2+3v) = 1
Simplify and find v
2v - 12 - 18v = 1
-16v = 1 + 12
-16v = 13
v =
.
Thus v = f(2) =
, and the problem is just solved.
ANSWER. f(2) =
.
Solved and explained.