This is basic algebra, so I stongly encourage you to practice this until you know it cold. Otherwise it will hinder you during your learning of more advanced topics.
1. Solve P = 2l + 2w, for l
Step-by-step...
Subtract 2w from both sides (performing valid operation on both sides does not change the equality):
P - 2w = 2l + 2w - 2w
Simplify:
P - 2w = 2l
Divide both sides by 2:
(P - 2w)/2 = 2l/2
Simplify:
(P - 2w)/2 = l
Re-write with l on left hand side:
When you have mastered this, you will do most of the above steps in your head.
2. C = (5/9)(F - 32)
i) Multiply both sides by (9/5) & simplify
(9/5)C = (5/9)(F - 32)*(9/5)
// On right hand side, notice (5/9)*(9/5) = 1
(9/5)C = F - 32
ii) Add 32 to both sides & simplify
(9/5)C + 32 = F - 32 + 32
(9/5)C + 32 = F
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When you hear "move the 2 to the other side" it really means "do the opposite operation to both sides of the equation"
For example: Solve for x: y = 2x + 12
"move the 12 to the other side" means to subtract 12 from both sides (the subtraction "undoes" the addition on the right): y - 12 = 2x + 12 -12
y - 12 = 2x (one normally doesn't first write 2x + 12 - 12)
"move the 2 to the left hand side" here means divide both sides by 2:
(y - 12)/2 = x
Now we re-write with x on the left hand side:
x = (y - 12)/2