Question 1199621: A group of market women sell at least one of yam, plantain and maize. 12 of them sell maize, 10 sell yam and 14 sell plantain. 5 sell plantain and maize, 4 sell yam and maize, 2 sell yam and plantain only while 3 sell all the three items. How many women are in the group?
Answer by ikleyn(52750) (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website! .
A group of market women sell at least one of yam, plantain and maize.
12 of them sell maize, 10 sell yam and 14 sell plantain.
5 sell plantain and maize, 4 sell yam and maize, 2 sell yam and plantain only
while 3 sell all the three items. How many women are in the group?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
We are given a set of women, which consists of 3 intersecting subsets,
- Y (sell yam and may be something else),
- P (sell plantain and may be something else),
- M (sell maize and may be something else).
About these sets and their intersections, we are given the following information
n(M) = 12, (1)
n(Y) = 10, (2)
n(P) = 14, (3)
n(PM) = 5 (for intersection P and M) (4)
n(YM) = 4 (for intersection Y and M) (5)
n(YP\YMP) = 2 ((for intersection Y and P) minus YMP) (6)
n(MYP) = 3 (for triple intersection Y, M and P). (7)
Now, from (6) and (7), we get
n(YP) = n(YP\YMP) + n(YMP) = 2 + 3 = 5. (8)
+-------------------------------------------+
| They want we determine n(M U Y U P). |
+-------------------------------------------+
Use the Inclusive-Exclusive principle formula
n(M U Y U P) = n(M) + N(Y) + n(P) - n(PM) - n(YM) - n(YP) + n(YMP).
Substitute here all known quantities and get the answer
n(M U Y U P) = 12 + 10 + 14 - 5 - 4 - 5 + 3 = 25.
ANSWER. There are 25 women in the group.
Solved.
------------------
On inclusion-exclusion principle, see this Wikipedia article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion%E2%80%93exclusion_principle
To see many other similar (and different) solved problems, see the lessons
- Counting elements in sub-sets of a given finite set
- Advanced problems on counting elements in sub-sets of a given finite set
- Challenging problems on counting elements in subsets of a given finite set
- Selected problems on counting elements in subsets of a given finite set
- Inclusion-Exclusion principle problems
in this site.
Happy learning (!)
|
|
|