SOLUTION: The graph of cos(T) is shifted left 270°, has the period decreased to 180°, and is shifted up 2 units. What is the transformed equation?

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Question 1143426: The graph of cos(T) is shifted left 270°, has the period decreased to 180°, and is shifted up 2 units. What is the transformed equation?
Found 2 solutions by KMST, greenestamps:
Answer by KMST(5328) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
The graph of y=cos%28T%29 (with T in degrees) has a period of 360%5Eo .
In every period there is a single maximum value of 1 , such as at T=0%5Eo .
y=cos%28T%29 goes through a maximum at T=0%5Eo , and as T increases,
it has the next maximum at T=360%5Eo .
After that, the next maximum is at T=2%28360%5Eo%29=720%5Eo , and so on.
Here is a piece of the graph of y=cos%28x%29 with x in degrees:
graph%28900%2C200%2C-72%2C478%2C-1.1%2C1.1%2Ccos%28pi%2Ax%2F180%29%29,

We want to do 3 changes to get to the "transformed equation", and there often is more than one way to get to a destination, but some ways may be "smoother sailing" compared to others.

CHANGES IN THE ORDER LISTED:
If we want shift the graph 270%5Eo to the left, we would end with a maximum at -270%5Eo .
A way textbooks suggest to do that shift is replacing the variable with another, such as replacing T=U%2B270%5Eo .
hat way the point for T=U%2B270%5Eo=0%5Eo is at U=-270%5Eo .
We would have y=cos%28U%2B270%5Eo%29 .
The graph of y=cos%28x%2B270%5Eo%29 as a function of x is shown below.
graph%28900%2C200%2C-342%2C208%2C-1.1%2C1.1%2Ccos%28pi%2A%28x%2B272%29%2F180%29%29

If after that we want to change the period to 180%5Eo=%281%2F2%29%2A%28360%5Eo%29 ,
we can do that by changing to variable x , so that it increases twice as fast as U .
If we still want the maximum at 270%5Eo , we need to make U%2B270%5Eo=2%28x%2B270%5Eo%29 ,
and change the function from y=cos%28U%2B270%5Eo%29 to y=cos%282x%2B540%5Eo%29 . The graph of y=cos%282x%2B540%5Eo%29 as a function of x is shown below.
graph%28900%2C200%2C-342%2C208%2C-1.1%2C1.1%2Ccos%28pi%2A%282x%2B540%29%2F180%29%29

Finally, to shift an x-y graph up by two units, we just add 2 to the expression for y .
The graph of y=cos%282x%2B540%5Eo%29%2B2 as a function of x is shown below.
graph%28900%2C450%2C-342%2C208%2C-0.2%2C3.1%2Ccos%28pi%2A%282x%2B540%29%2F180%29%2B2%29


A DIFFERENT WAY:
With T=2W , we change the function from y=cos%28T%29 to y=cos%282W%29 ,
and that changes the period from 360%5Eo to %28360%5Eo%29%2A%281%2F2%29=180%5Eo.
The graph of y=cos%282x%29 as a function of x is shown below.
graph%28900%2C200%2C-342%2C208%2C-1.1%2C1.1%2Ccos%28pi%2A%282x%29%2F180%29%29
To shift the graph 270%5Eo to the left we change W to x%2B270%5Eo to get y=cos%282%28x%2B270%5Eo%29%29=cos%282x%2B540%5Eo%29
Finally, we add 2 to shift the graph up by 2 units, and get y=cos%282x%2B540%5Eo%29%2B2 .

NOTE: There are other expressions with the same graph, such as y=cos%282x-180%5Eo%29%2B2 :
graph%28900%2C450%2C-342%2C208%2C-0.2%2C3.1%2Ccos%28pi%2A%282x-180%29%2F180%29%2B2%29 .

Answer by greenestamps(13200) About Me  (Show Source):
You can put this solution on YOUR website!


With the amplitude unchanged, the general equation is

cos%28b%28T-c%29%29%2Bd

where c is the horizontal (phase) shift and d is the vertical shift. b is the normal period of 360 degrees, divided by the actual period.

(1) The basic graph: cos%28T%29

(2) Shifted 270 degrees left --> c = -270: cos%28T-%28-270%29%29+=+cos%28T%2B270%29

(3) Period changed from 360 degrees to 180 degrees --> b = 360/180=2: cos%282%28T%2B270%29%29 or cos%282T%2B540%29

(4) Shifted up 2 --> d = 2: cos%282%28T%2B270%29%29%2B2