Here is a formal process for finding the inverse, based on the idea that switching x and y gives the inverse.
(1) Replace f(x) with y and then switch the x and y to get
(2) Solve for the new y:
ANSWER:
That is a standard process for finding the inverse; you should know and understand it.
For many relatively simple functions, you can find the inverse much more quickly by using the idea that the inverse function "un-does" what the function does -- that is, it "gets you back where you started".
In this example, the given function does this to the input: (1) multiply by 4; (2) subtract 8.
The inverse function, to get you back where you started, needs to perform the opposite operations in the opposite order: (1) add 8; (2) divide by 4.