document.write( "<A HREF=/cgi-bin/jump-to-question.mpl?question=131678>Question 131678</A>: <I><SPAN STYLE=\"word-break: break-all;\"> Please help me. I am stuck with this question.\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "In a study of childhood asthma, 4,317 observations were collected on education and smoking during pregnancy, shown in the 4 x 3 contingency table below. At &#61537; = .01, is smoking during pregnancy independent of education level? You can use any method you like to solve the problem, but please include hypotheses, critical value, value of the test statistic, p-value, and conclusion. \r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Education (below)	No smoking	< Half pack	=or> Half Pack<BR>\n" );
document.write( "< high school	641	196	196<BR>\n" );
document.write( "High school	1,370	290	270<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Some college	635	68	53<BR>\n" );
document.write( "College	550	30	18\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Thank you for your kind help </SPAN>\n" );
document.write( "</I><HR><TABLE width=100%><TR><TD><B><A HREF=http://www.algebra.com/>Algebra.Com's</A> Answer #96124 by </B><A HREF=/tutors/aboutme.mpl?userid=stanbon><B>stanbon(75887)</B></A><img src=\"/images/stars/stars-13.gif\" alt=\"\" >&nbsp;<A HREF=/tutors/aboutme.mpl?userid=stanbon><IMG SRC=http://www.algebra.com/images/aboutme-small.gif BORDER=0 alt=\"About Me\" VALIGN=MIDDLE></A>&nbsp;<IMG SRC=http://www.algebra.com/images/nopicture.jpg><BR>You can <A HREF=\"/cgi-bin/embed-solution.mpl?show=1&solution=96124\">put this solution on YOUR website!</A><BR><SPAN STYLE=\"word-break: break-all;\"> In a study of childhood asthma, 4,317 observations were collected on education and smoking during pregnancy, shown in the 4 x 3 contingency table below. At &#61537; = .01, is smoking during pregnancy independent of education level? You can use any method you like to solve the problem, but please include hypotheses, critical value, value of the test statistic, p-value, and conclusion. <BR>\n" );
document.write( "Education (below) No smoking < Half pack =or> Half Pack<BR>\n" );
document.write( "<high school 641 196 196<BR>\n" );
document.write( "High school 1,370 290 270<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Some college 768 53<BR>\n" );
document.write( "College..... 550 30 18 <BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Ho: smoking during pregnancy is independent of education level<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Ha: then are dependent<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Critical Value for one tale test with alpha=5%, <BR>\n" );
document.write( "df = (3-1)(4-1) = 6: Chi-Sq = 12.592<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Enter the 4 by 3 data into matrix \"A\" on a TI calculator<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Select Stat/Tests/Chi-Sq<BR>\n" );
document.write( "I get:<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Test Statistic: Chi-Sq = 227.78...<BR>\n" );
document.write( "p-value = 2.278x10^-46<BR>\n" );
document.write( "df=6<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Conclusion: Since p-value is far less than 5%, Reject Ho.<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Smoking during pregnancy and education level are dependent.<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "Cheers,<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Stan H. </SPAN>\n" );
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