document.write( "<A HREF=/cgi-bin/jump-to-question.mpl?question=1165483>Question 1165483</A>: <I><SPAN STYLE=\"word-break: break-all;\"> A psychologist records how many words participants recall from a list under threedifferent conditions: large reward for each word recalled, small reward for each word recalled, and no reward.<BR>\n" );
document.write( "a. What is the independent variable? _______________<BR>\n" );
document.write( "b. What is the dependent variable? _______________<BR>\n" );
document.write( "c. What kind of scale is being used <BR>\n" );
document.write( "to measure the dependent variable? ______________ </SPAN>\n" );
document.write( "</I><HR><TABLE width=100%><TR><TD><B><A HREF=http://www.algebra.com/>Algebra.Com's</A> Answer #853092 by </B><A HREF=/tutors/aboutme.mpl?userid=CPhill><B>CPhill(2138)</B></A><img src=\"/images/stars/stars-13.gif\" alt=\"\" >&nbsp;<A HREF=/tutors/aboutme.mpl?userid=CPhill><IMG SRC=http://www.algebra.com/images/aboutme-small.gif BORDER=0 alt=\"About Me\" VALIGN=MIDDLE></A>&nbsp;<IMG SRC=http://www.algebra.com/cgi-bin/show-face.mpl?user=CPhill><BR>You can <A HREF=\"/cgi-bin/embed-solution.mpl?show=1&solution=853092\">put this solution on YOUR website!</A><BR><SPAN STYLE=\"word-break: break-all;\"> This is a classic experiment setup. Here are the answers based on the principles of experimental design:\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "## a. What is the independent variable?<BR>\n" );
document.write( "The independent variable (IV) is the factor the experimenter **manipulates** or changes.\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "* **Independent Variable:** **Type (or Amount) of Reward**<BR>\n" );
document.write( "    * **Levels:** Large Reward, Small Reward, and No Reward.\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "## b. What is the dependent variable?<BR>\n" );
document.write( "The dependent variable (DV) is the factor that is **measured** to see if the manipulation of the IV had an effect.\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "* **Dependent Variable:** **Number of Words Recalled** (Memory performance).\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "## c. What kind of scale is being used to measure the dependent variable?<BR>\n" );
document.write( "Scales of measurement describe the nature of the numbers assigned to the observations.\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "* **Dependent Variable Measurement:** The number of words recalled (e.g., 5 words, 10 words, 15 words).<BR>\n" );
document.write( "* **Scale:** **Ratio Scale**\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "### Why Ratio Scale?\r<BR>\n" );
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document.write( "A ratio scale has all the properties of an interval scale (equal intervals/differences are meaningful) plus:<BR>\n" );
document.write( "1.  **A True Zero Point:** A score of zero (0 words recalled) represents the complete absence of the property being measured (the absence of recall).<BR>\n" );
document.write( "2.  **Ratios are Meaningful:** Recalling 10 words is literally twice as many as recalling 5 words. </SPAN>\n" );
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