document.write( "Question 1190362: MAT 145: Topics In Contemporary Math
\n" ); document.write( " Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens\r
\n" ); document.write( "\n" ); document.write( "Translate each of the following into symbols, then determine whether or not the argument is valid by providing the appropriate name for the argument form.\r
\n" ); document.write( "\n" ); document.write( "7) If the cheese doesn’t melt, then the nachos are ruined.
\n" ); document.write( "The nachos are ruined.
\n" ); document.write( "Therefore, the cheese didn’t melt \n" ); document.write( "
Algebra.Com's Answer #822022 by Edwin McCravy(20056)\"\" \"About 
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
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document.write( "Let M = \"The cheese melts\"\r\n" );
document.write( "Let R = \"The nachos are ruined\"\r\n" );
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document.write( "[(~M ⊃ R) • R] ⊃ ~M\r\n" );
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document.write( "| M | R | ~M | (~M ⊃ R) | (~M ⊃ R) • R || [(~M ⊃ R) • R] ⊃ ~M |\r\n" );
document.write( "| T | T |  F |     T    |           T   ||                F     |    \r\n" );
document.write( "| T | F |  F |     T    |           F   ||                T     |\r\n" );
document.write( "| F | T |  T |     T    |           T   ||                T     |\r\n" );
document.write( "| F | F |  T |     F    |           T   ||                T     |\r\n" );
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document.write( "The last line is not TTTT, so it's not valid.\r\n" );
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document.write( "This is neither Modus Ponens nor Modus Tollens.\r\n" );
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document.write( "It is the logical fallacy of \"affirming the consequent\".\r\n" );
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document.write( "That's because it could be that indeed the cheese melted,\r\n" );
document.write( "and the nachos were ruined anyway. \r\n" );
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document.write( "For instance, it could be that the tortilla chips are old, \r\n" );
document.write( "and that's why the nachos are ruined, not necessarily \r\n" );
document.write( "because the cheese didn't melt.\r\n" );
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document.write( "Edwin

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