Graphing Quadratic Functions

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I'll go a little faster about plotting quadratic graphs than about plotting linear graphs, because I assume that you already have some graphing experience.

Unlike linear graphs, graphs of quadratic functions are not straight and cannot be plotted with a ruler. But their form is always the same, they look like cow horns. The animal pictured here is a longhorn, not a cow, but the picture is too good to pass up.

The huge steel cable that supports San Francisco Bay's Golden Gate Bridge forms a parabola.

You are probably used to seeing the parabolas with the horns pointing up. But the graphs of quadratic functions with the coefficient for x2 being negative, have horns pointing down.


Graph of x2+4x+3
horns pointing up

Graph of -x2-4x-3
horns pointing down

So, here's how to plot a parabola y=ax2+bx+c:

  • Identify the roots (if they exist) and plot them
  • The midpoint of any parabola is the point x = -b/2a. Calculate the value of y in that point and plot it.
  • Draw the coordinates so that the coordinate system includes the roots and the midpoint.
  • Plot several points of the parabola, by calculating values of y for the values of x that you have chosen.
  • Draw the line nicely