A cyclist rides 30 miles at an average speed of 9 miles/hr. At what rate must the cyclist cover the next 10 miles in order to bring the overall average speed up to 10 miles/hr?
Make this chart:
DISTANCE RATE TIME
First part of trip 30 9 30/9
Last part of trip 10 R 10/R
-------------------------------------------------
Whole trip 40 10 40/10
Let R be the rate required for the last part of the trip.
So fill in the Distances and the rate
Add the distances and get 40 miles. Fill that in:
DISTANCE RATE TIME
First part of trip 30 9
Last part of trip 10 R
-------------------------------------------------
Whole trip 40 10
Use to fill in the times
DISTANCE RATE TIME
First part of trip 30 9 30/9
Last part of trip 10 R 10/R
-------------------------------------------------
Whole trip 40 10 40/10
To get the equation, realize that
TIME FOR FIRST PART + TIME FOR LAST PART = TOTAL TIME FOR TRIP
Solve that and get R=15 miles/hr
Edwin