SOLUTION: If you dilute 35 gal of a 40% acid solution with 7 gal of water, what is the amount and strength of the mixture?

Question 803403: If you dilute 35 gal of a 40% acid solution with 7 gal of water, what is the amount and strength of the mixture?
Answer by KMST(5328) (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!
If you mix 35.000 gallons of a 40% solution of some acid with 7.000 gallons of water, you will most likely not get exactly 42.000 gallons of mixture, but I bet the final volume can be rounded to
gal +gal =gallons.

The amount of acid before and after mixing is the same.
It is 35 times 40% in the undiluted acid.
After dilution, we get a concentration of %.
At that time, the amount of acid equals the final concentration times 42, so
-->--> (rounded)
The final amount and strength are 42 gal and 33%.

NOTES:
This is not real life, but the answer cannot be given with more accuracy than supplied by the problem data, and the units cannot be specified better than the problem data.
As a chemist, I would ask what acid it is (for safety concerns), and whether the initial concentration is expressed as weight in weight
(40% w/w = 40 g acid/100 g solution)
or it is weight in volume
(40% w/v = 40 g acid/100 milliliters solution).
Those are the likely meanings of "40% acid".
I do not think I ever saw, or ever will see "40% acid" meaning anything else,
such as meaning that it contains 40 gallons of a liquid acid (or an acid solution) per 100 gallons of solution.

There are many acids.
Some toilet cleaners contain hydrochloric acid; car batteries contain sulfuric acid, and those acids are corrosive and dangerous.
Our bodies and our food contain some acids (aminoacids) that are the components of protein, and are essential for life as we know it.
Ascorbic acid is a solid compound also known as vitamin C; acetic acid is a liquid that is the essence of vinegar, and some acids are gaseous.
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