If L is the length of the shortest side, then the two other sides are (L+3) and (2L-3) feet long.
The perimeter equation is
L + (L+3) + (2L-3) = 48.
Solve it and find L. Then compute the lengths of the two other side.
At the end, check that the triangle inequalities are satisfied, to make sure that the triangle with the found side lengths does really exist.