There are three basic rules of logarithms:

#1. 

#2. 

#3. 

In one place we will need this rule of exponents and roots

#4.  

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Use #1 on the first two terms:





Use #1 again





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Use #3 on the middle term



Use #1 on the first two terms:



Use #1 again



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Use #3 on the middle term



Use #4



Use #1 on the first two terms:



Use #2



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Use #3 on the first term:



Use #2 on the first two terms:



Use #1





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Use #3 on the first term:



Factor -1 out of the last two terms:



Use #1 on the first two terms:



Use #1 on the two terms in the parentheses:





Use #2





Edwin