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Sam = 2*((Jon)^2 ) + 4*Jon. (1) ("Sam was twice the square of Jon's age plus another four times Jon's age")
Helen = Jon^2 + 45 (2) (Second condition).
Since Sam and Helen are twins, their ages are the same; hence, right sides of equations (1) and (2) are equal:
2*J^2 + 4J = J^2 + 45, or
J^2 + 4J - 45 = 0,
(J-5)*(J+9) = 0.
Only positive root is meaningful: J = 5.
Hence, Sam = 2*J^2 + 4*J = 2*5^2 + 4*5 = 2*25 + 20 = 50 + 20 = 70.
ANSWER. Sam is 70 years old.
You can check my answer on your own by calculating the Helen's age.