From the condition, you have these two equations J = 3A - 1 (1) ("John is one year less than three times as old as Ann.") J + A = 79. (2) (It is clear without explanations) From eq(1), substitute the expression for J into eq(2). You will get (3A-1) + A = 79 4A = 79 + 1 4A = 80 ====> A = 80/4 = 20. Answer. Ann is 20 years old. John is 79-20 = 59 years old.