.
Since next year their ages will total 42, it means that THIS year the sum of their ages is 40 years.
Now, what you have is THIS:
The sum of two numbers is 40 and one number is one fourth of the other.
If you have a fast mind, you will conclude from it MOMENTARILY that father is 32 and John Rey is 8 years old.
If your mind is not so fast, you can write the equation
x + 4x = 40,
solve it
5x = 40 ====> x = 8
and to get the same answer.
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There is a bunch of lessons on age word problems
- Age problems and their solutions
- A fresh formulation of a traditional age problem
- Really intricate age word problem
- Selected age word problems from the archive
- Age problems for mental solution
in this site.
Read them and become an expert in solving age problems.
Also, you have this free of charge online textbook in ALGEBRA-I in this site
- ALGEBRA-I - YOUR ONLINE TEXTBOOK.
The referred lessons are the part of this online textbook under the topic "Age word problems".
Save the link to this online textbook together with its description
Free of charge online textbook in ALGEBRA-I
https://www.algebra.com/algebra/homework/quadratic/lessons/ALGEBRA-I-YOUR-ONLINE-TEXTBOOK.lesson
to your archive and use it when it is needed.