((p V q) ∧ ~ q) → p ~ is negation, ~T gets an F and ~F gets a T V is disjunction. F V F gets an F, everything else gets a T. ∧ is conjunction. T ∧ T gets a T, everything else gets an F. → is conditional. T → F gets an F, everything else gets a T. ((p V q) ∧ ~ q) → p p | q | p V q | ~q | (p V q) ∧ ~ q || ((p V q) ∧ ~ q) → p | T | T | T | F | F || T | T | F | T | T | T || T | F | T | T | F | F || T | F | F | F | T | F || T | Since it came out TTTT, all T's it is a tautology, always true. Edwin