Your error is that "a" is not 0, it's -1, because if you square the parentheses and collect terms, you getThe - sign changes all the signs inside the parentheses: So you see "a" is not 0, it's -1. I multiplied it all out to show you that a =-1, not 0. But you can tell it is -1 without multiplying it out if you think about it. Edwin