You need to know these three facts about the coefficients and the constant term: 1. The coefficient of x²: The larger the planet or heavenly body you're on, the larger (in absolute value) is the coefficient of x², as that is a measure of how hard gravity pulls downward on that heavenly body. 2. The coefficient of x: The greater the speed at which a ball is hit, the larger is the coefficient of x, as that is a measure of how fast the ball starts traveling after it is hit. 3. The constant term: The higher the distance above the ground at which the ball is hit, the larger the constant term, for that is a measure of how high above the ground the ball was hit. You can figure it all out from knowing those facts. No calculating required. Just look at the numbers. If there is no constant term the constant term is understood to be 0. Edwin