SOLUTION: If 2¹³ + 2¹⁰ + 2ˣ = y², find x and y.

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Question 1208295: If 2¹³ + 2¹⁰ + 2ˣ = y²,
find x and y.

Found 2 solutions by math_tutor2020, ikleyn:
Answer by math_tutor2020(3816)   (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!

I'll assume x and y are nonnegative integers.
There might be a more clever and elegant solution, but I'm going to check possible values of x.

If x = 0, then,
2^13 + 2^10 + 2^x
= 2^13 + 2^10 + 2^0
= 9217
And,
sqrt(9217) = 96.0052 approximately
Since the square root result isn't a whole number, this shows 9217 isn't a perfect square.
y^2 = 9217 doesn't have an integer solution.
x = 0 won't pair with an integer y value.
We can rule out x = 0.

Let's try x = 1.
2^13 + 2^10 + 2^x
= 2^13 + 2^10 + 2^1
= 9218
And,
sqrt(9218) = 96.0104 approximately
Same idea as the previous paragraph.
We can rule out x = 1.

Let's try x = 2.
2^13 + 2^10 + 2^x
= 2^13 + 2^10 + 2^2
= 9220
And,
sqrt(9220) = 96.0208 approximately
We can rule out x = 2 for similar reasoning as the previous paragraphs.

And so on.
Keep this process going until reaching x = 14.
Use of a spreadsheet is strongly recommended to make this process very quick.
Alternatively you can use a programming language such as Python to write up a quick script.
2^13 + 2^10 + 2^x
= 2^13 + 2^10 + 2^14
= 25600
And,
sqrt(25600) = 160 exactly
We finally get an integer result.
This proves that x = 14 and y = 160 is one ordered pair solution.
2^13 + 2^10 + 2^14 = 160^2

There might be other solutions.

Answer by ikleyn(52776)   (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!
.
If 2¹³ + 2¹⁰ + 2ˣ = y², find x and y.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


        It is assumed that  x  and  y  are integer numbers.

        I will give another,  strict mathematical solution.


 +  = 9216 = 96^2.       (1)


Therefore,   =  - .    (2)


Hence,   = (y+96)*(y-96).      (3)


Thus,   is the product of integers y+96 and y-96.


From it, we conclude that  y+96 and y-96 are degrees of 2.

So, we write

    y + 96 = 

    y - 96 = 


with integer non-negative n and m, and we understand that m < n.  
Subtracting the lower equation from the upper one, we get

     -  = 192,

      = 192 = 64*3 = .   (4)


From it, we conclude that  m = 6, n-m = 2;  hence n-6 = 2,  n = 8.


Thus    y+96 =  =  = 256;  hence  y = 256-96 = 160.

CHECK:  y-96 =  =  = 64;  hence  y = 64+96 =160.   <<<---===  Check says OK.


Now  from (3)  

     = (y+96)*(y-96) = (160+96)*(160-96) = 16384 = ,


Hence,  x = 14.


ANSWER.  This problem has two solutions  (x,y) = (14,160)  and  (x,y) = (14,-160).


From where the second, negative value of y came ?


Since right side of equation (1) is y^2, it is clear that with positive solution y= 160,
negative solution y= -160 works, too.


Where we missed it in our reasoning ? - Because in (4), we could take NEGATIVE factors    and  -3 
into consideration.  It would lead us to the negative value of y.

But since we just caught this second solution, we shouldn't worry anymore.

-----------------

Thus the problem is solved completely, using strict mathematical reasoning,
and two solutions in integer numbers are found. All necessary explanations are given.

Happy learning (!)



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